Heart disease remains one of the leading causes of death in the United States, responsible for hundreds of thousands of deaths each year. While heart attacks can seem sudden, some people may experience subtle warning signs in the weeks or months beforehand.
It is important to understand that these symptoms are not specific to heart disease and can have many harmless causes. However, if they are new, persistent, or unexplained—especially in people with risk factors—they should be evaluated by a healthcare professional.
1. Swelling in the Lower Legs or Feet
Fluid buildup (edema) in the feet, ankles, or legs may indicate that the heart is not pumping efficiently, causing fluid to accumulate in the lower body.
Pay attention if:
Swelling worsens throughout the day
Shoes or socks leave deep marks
Pressing the skin leaves a lasting indentation
Occasional swelling after long standing is normal, but persistent or worsening swelling should be checked.
2. Shortness of Breath
Breathlessness during mild activity—or even at rest—may suggest the heart is not delivering enough oxygen or that fluid is accumulating in the lungs.
Watch for:
Waking up at night feeling short of breath
Needing extra pillows to sleep comfortably
Symptoms worsening when lying flat
3. Unusual or Persistent Fatigue
Extreme tiredness that does not improve with rest may be a sign that the heart is struggling to circulate oxygen-rich blood efficiently.
